[ Linux ] – 安裝 Docker on Ubuntu 18.04

安裝 Docker on Ubuntu 18.04

指令：apt install docker.io

啟用docker

指令：systemctl start docker

設定開機自動啟動docker

指令：systemctl enable docker

Synchronizing state of docker.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable docker

systemctl指令說明
http://linux.vbird.org/linux_basic/0560daemons.php

查詢docker版本

指令：docker –version

Docker version 18.06.1-ce, build e68fc7a

查詢公開的docker映像檔

指令：docker search ubuntu

NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 9107 [OK]
dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc Ubuntu with openssh-server and NoVNC 264 [OK]
rastasheep/ubuntu-sshd Dockerized SSH service, built on top of offi… 198 [OK]
consol/ubuntu-xfce-vnc Ubuntu container with “headless” VNC session… 152 [OK]
ubuntu-upstart Upstart is an event-based replacement for th… 96 [OK]
ansible/ubuntu14.04-ansible Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with ansible 95 [OK]
neurodebian NeuroDebian provides neuroscience research s… 56 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 48 [OK]
ubuntu-debootstrap debootstrap –variant=minbase –components=m… 40 [OK]
nuagebec/ubuntu Simple always updated Ubuntu docker images w… 23 [OK]
tutum/ubuntu Simple Ubuntu docker images with SSH access 18
i386/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 16
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 13 [OK]
ppc64le/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 12
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-5.6-wordpress-4 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-5.6-wordpress-4 7 [OK]
eclipse/ubuntu_jdk8 Ubuntu, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, … 7 [OK]
codenvy/ubuntu_jdk8 Ubuntu, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, … 5 [OK]
darksheer/ubuntu Base Ubuntu Image — Updated hourly 5 [OK]
pivotaldata/ubuntu A quick freshening-up of the base Ubuntu doc… 2
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-sshd ubuntu-16-sshd 1 [OK]
smartentry/ubuntu ubuntu with smartentry 1 [OK]
paasmule/bosh-tools-ubuntu Ubuntu based bosh-cli 1 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-healthcheck ubuntu-16-healthcheck 0 [OK]
pivotaldata/ubuntu-gpdb-dev Ubuntu images for GPDB development 0
ossobv/ubuntu Custom ubuntu image from scratch (based on o… 0

下載映像檔

指令：docker pull ubuntu

Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
38e2e6cd5626: Pull complete
705054bc3f5b: Pull complete
c7051e069564: Pull complete
7308e914506c: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:945039273a7b927869a07b375dc3148de16865de44dec8398672977e050a072e
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest

查詢本機映像檔

指令：docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu latest 20bb25d32758 27 hours ago 87.5MB

創建一個容器

指令： docker create ubuntu:18.04

Unable to find image ‘ubuntu:18.04’ locally //本地端沒找到此映像檔
18.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu //從來源端拉一個下來
Digest: sha256:945039273a7b927869a07b375dc3148de16865de44dec8398672977e050a072e
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:18.04
1fcf9b3dc841ff2b3c5332bddb13a89a7bd35359944ff3f72247130e02cb12dd

看一下本機映像檔

指令：docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu 18.04 20bb25d32758 27 hours ago 87.5MB //剛下載的新映像檔
ubuntu latest 20bb25d32758 27 hours ago 87.5MB

運行映像檔

指令：docker run -i -t ubuntu:18.04 /bin/bash

root@b9fa7dc29a09:/# ls //現在是在啟用的容器 下指行指令
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var

離開容器

root@b9fa7dc29a09:/# exit
exit

如果要在背景執行容器 (多一個參數 -d)
指令：docker run -i -t -d ubuntu:18.04 /bin/bash

查詢背景執行的容器

指令：docker ps

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
27a3856d965f ubuntu:18.04 “/bin/bash” 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds gallant_bell

進入背景容器 （docker exec -i -t CONTAINER ID /bin/bash）CONTAINER ID 請輸入容器編號

指令：docker exec -i -t 27a3856d965f /bin/bash

root@27a3856d965f:/# ls //現在是在背景容器中執行指令
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var

停止背景容器（docker stop CONTAINER ID）CONTAINER ID 請輸入容器編號

指令：docker stop 27a3856d965f

啟用背景容器（docker start CONTAINER ID ）CONTAINER ID 請輸入容器編號

指令：docker start 27a3856d965f